Working Group Report: Security and Development

Arms trade and its impact on development

Question: Arms trade: an obstacle in reaching the development goals?

Conflict Sensitivity

Question: Conflict sensitivity: a means to achieve development goals?

Structural questions

• Security and Development • Facilitators: Pauliina Arola, Crisis Management Initiative Jake Bharier, CONCORD/Skillshare International • Rapporteurs: Sari Varpama, Demo Finland Nicole Maes, MFA Netherlands

• Policy Coherence for Development • Security and development deeply interlinked • No quick fixes – is there space for long-term global human security? Whose security? • Tackle immediate needs for short-term security, but also consider long-term development goals = importance of transition period, necessary for prevention of new conflicts • Inter-linkage between development and security • Institutional failure often at root of conflict and under-development • Improved development – less migration • Stable security – no refugee problem • Prerequisites for stable institutions and societies

• Coherence is not a technical issue – it is about goals and about strategies of how to achieve these - sometimes goals are conflicting • Peace-building/poverty eradication - how to prioritise? • Principles of coherence – action should echo policy, policy sectors should have coherence, there should be strategic collaboration between actors • EU and other actors should openly acknowledge inter-linkages of policy sectors and implications • How do external interventions enable civil society and give it space? • Participatory democracy – accountability • Global challenges – need for coherence does not stop at EU level • Will the EU face the challenges at international fora? Tools:

• Donor co-ordination • Mapping of key actors • Multi-stakeholder approach – including engagement of civil society and the private sector • Forming partnerships • Donors should use context and conflict analyses in all their interventions – should form part of project criteria • Beware of vested interests • “Do no harm” to be used as one mechanism to implement coherence and conflict sensitivity • Re-education and rehabilitation of those having been parties to conflicts Recommendations:

• Security building needs a long-term approach – this should be acknowledged in the instruments of the EU • EU should have a holistic approach, for example, acknowledge the interdependency of the environment and security issues and develop an integrated approach of environmental protection and conflict prevention (for example, www.envirosecurity.org) • Coherence is needed at policy as well as action level – NGOs, for example, have several roles in ensuring coherence through their own action and should hold the EU accountable, voice the concerns and the needs of the Southern civil society, and to focus on empowering civil society and supporting NGOs • The outcomes of EU policies should contribute positively to the security and development of the people in the South, particularly, the poor. The overarching goal needs to be human security (rights, security, development) • Drafting of the first Policy Coherence for Development report next year should include all DGs and all the 12 themes of the rolling work programme. Good practices in involving various actors, such as the EU process around children in armed conflict or the Swedish example of coherence reporting could be studied. The PCD should have appropriate mechanisms of monitoring, policy review and implementation • The approach to mainstreaming should be strengthened in the European consensus and in the European security strategy. Systems dynamics of the EU needs to be further studied and worked on • Strategic collaboration between all actors • Acknowledge inter-linkages of policy sectors and impications openly • Global challenges – political will to lead the way at international fora?